我国工业化、城市化对能源消费强度的动态效应与区域差异——基于动态面板数据模型的系统广义矩(SYS-GMM)分析方法

基于2002-2012年中国的省际面板数据,将能源消费强度分为低、中和高三个层次,运用动态面板数据模型的系统广义矩(SYS-GMM)分析方法,对工业化、城市化对中国能源消费强度的动态效应与区域差异进行了实证分析。研究结果表明,工业化、城市化水平提高均会导致地区间能源消费强度的增加,但城市化对低能源消费强度区域的影响并不显著,而对高能源消费强度区域的影响却十分明显。此外,上一期的能源消费强度、地区经济发展水平、能源价格和技术创新等均对中国能源消费强度产生不同的影响,而且中国存在技术创新的反弹性效应且能源价格对技术创新有诱致性作用。     

几种激励理论在薪酬管理中的应用

激励理论在薪酬管理中有着直接的应用,在制定薪酬政策时必须遵循这些理论所提出的一些观点。应该在薪酬管理中充分运用这些理论,以提高我们薪酬管理的质量。公平理论、双因素理论、期望理论等激励理论也要经常应用。     

Outsourcing of Information Systems Functions in Small and Medium Sized Enterprises: A Test of a Multi-Theoretical Model

In this paper determinants of information systems (IS) outsourcing are deduced from transaction cost economic theory, resource-based theory and power theory. They are summarized in a theoretical framework which is tested using a sample of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Germany. The results show that internal performance and know-how deficits vis-à-vis external service providers are key determinants that explain why different IS functions are outsourced to varying degrees in SMEs. Moreover, the determinants of IS functions were found to partially differ between IS functions. Revised reprint of an article from WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK 43(4)2001:339–350.

对国内旅游者的旅游商品需求差异性研究--以西安市旅游商品市场为例

文章从旅游商品在旅游产业发展中的重要地位出发，通过对近年来国内外学者对旅游商品市场的研究回顾，结合我国旅游商品业发展中存在的实际问题，以西安旅游商品市场为例，对国内旅游者的旅游商品需求进行问卷调查。经过问卷整理、筛选和统计分析，对旅游者的旅游商品需求差异性进行假设检验；并在此实证研究的基础上。对西安旅游商品业的发展提出相应的对策建议。     

Cross-cultural entrepreneurship research: Current status and framework for future studies

Although cross-cultural research in the field of entrepreneurship is still in its infancy as a research stream, it offers important inferences for both theory and practice. Some have criticized the relative immaturity of previous survey-based studies’ methodology. In order to address this flaw, we analyze existing survey-based studies in the field of cross-cultural entrepreneurship to identify research gaps in content and methodology and then derive the most appropriate analytical approach to fill the gaps for this type of research. Finally, we present a practical framework in which to conduct sound and prudent future studies, integrating the most appropriate analytical approach, general methodological insights, and the particularities of entrepreneurship research in a cross-cultural setting.

The Effects of Moral Reasoning and Self-Monitoring on CFO Intentions to Report Fraudulently on Financial Statements

This study adapts the theory of reasoned action (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) to the behavior of fraudulent reporting on financial statements so as to examine the effects of moral reasoning and self-monitoring on intention to report fraudulently, using structural equation modeling. The paper seeks to investigate two of the red flags for financial statement fraud identified in Loebbecke et al.'s (1989) paper: client management displays a significant lack of moral fiber and client personnel exhibit strong personality anomalies. As expected, high moral reasoners are more influenced than low moral reasoners by their own attitude towards the behavior. Contrary to prior research, low self-monitors are found to be more influenced than high self-monitors by subjective norms. Future research is recommended to investigate the counter-intuitive results for self-monitors, to consider the implications of group decision making as regards the promulgation of fraudulent financial statements, and to examine additional red flags for financial statement fraud.     

省域经济双循环的结构演变及其增长效应——基于IRIOT-MRIO表的双元四循环分解

作为国家的一个地区,省域的经济循环存在省域内、国家和全球三层地理边界,仅进行国内循环和国际循环的分解不能很好地反映其与国内其他省域之间的经济联系,因而有必要对省域经济循环进行更细致的结构分解,然而现有文献对此缺乏研究。本文在国内国际双循环的基础上,根据是否有其他省域参与循环引入单省域多省域双循环,进而对省域经济进行双元四循环的结构分解：单省域参与的国内循环为省内循环,多省域参与的国内循环为省际循环,单省域参与的国际循环为简单国际循环,多省域参与的国际循环为复杂国际循环。基于此,通过构建MRIO-IRIOT表测算出2012、2015、2017年30个样本省域16个行业4种经济循环的产出,用各经济循环的强度（产出占比）来刻画循环结构,并对省域不同行业的循环强度按产值进行加权平均得到各省域各经济循环强度,结果显示：样本期间各省域经济的循环结构存在显著差异,并具有不同的演变趋势;总体上看,循环强度从高到低依次为省内循环、省际循环、复杂国际循环、简单国际循环,呈现出“国内循环为主、国际循环为辅”的发展格局,并具有“国内循环增强、国际循环减弱”的发展态势。进一步考察行业层面的4种经济循环强度变化对行业总产出增长的影响,分析发现：2012年后,4种经济循环对经济增长的贡献从大到小依次为省际循环、复杂国际循环、省内循环、简单国际循环,表明循环结构沿着“以国内大循环为主体”的方向演进,并具有“多省域循环增强、单省域循环减弱,省际循环增强、简单国际循环减弱”的优化趋势;省际循环与复杂国际循环相互强化的效应显著,因而加强地区间的经济联系是推动“国内国际双循环相互促进”的有效路径之一。相比已有文献,本文对省域经济的双元四循环分解拓展和深化了双循环结构的量化分析,从动态角度研究循环结构变化对产出增长的影响有助于深入认识不同循环在经济发展中所起的作用,对国内循环与国际循环相互作用的检验则有利于探求国内国际双循环相互促进的有效路径。本文研究表明,“以国内大循环为主体”的发展格局已基本形成,但还需要进一步强化省际循环,“国内国际双循环相互促进”的实现也需要加强地区间的经济交流和合作。因此,要加快建设全国统一大市场,以地区联动的国内循环质量提升促进国际循环结构升级,进而构建更高层次更高水平的新发展格局。     

浅析现金流量信息与会计收益信息

现金流量信息由于本身的客观性、可靠性,能够弥补传统会计收益评价指标的不足,提供更有价值更为相关的信息,直接反映企业的偿债能力、获利能力、财务弹性,进而判断企业的财务状况,评估企业经营绩效。但现金流量信息并不是万能的,传统的会计收益信息也有其可取之处。在动态中把握现金流量信息与会计收益信息的结合才是企业经营业绩评价指标的正确选择。     

MULTIDIMENSIONAL DYNAMIC RISK MEASURE VIA CONDITIONAL g‐EXPECTATION

This paper deals with multidimensional dynamic risk measures induced by conditional g‐expectations. A notion of multidimensional g‐expectation is proposed to provide a multidimensional version of nonlinear expectations. By a technical result on explicit expressions for the comparison theorem, uniqueness theorem, and viability on a rectangle of solutions to multidimensional backward stochastic differential equations, some necessary and sufficient conditions are given for the constancy, monotonicity, positivity, and translatability properties of multidimensional conditional g‐expectations and multidimensional dynamic risk measures; we prove that a multidimensional dynamic g‐risk measure is nonincreasingly convex if and only if the generator g satisfies a quasi‐monotone increasingly convex condition. A general dual representation is given for the multidimensional dynamic convex g‐risk measure in which the penalty term is expressed more precisely. It is shown that model uncertainty leads to the convexity of risk measures. As to applications, we show how this multidimensional approach can be applied to measure the insolvency risk of a firm with interacting subsidiaries; optimal risk sharing for ‐tolerant g‐risk measures, and risk contribution for coherent g‐risk measures are investigated. Insurance g‐risk measure and other ways to induce g‐risk measures are also studied at the end of the paper.     

基于普查数据的中国劳动适龄人口分析

基于 2 0 0 0年人口普查数据 ,对中国劳动适龄人口的基本态势作了分析和概括 ,主要涉及劳动适龄人口的数量、增长率、自然结构、受教育程度以及劳动适龄人口分布与投资分布相互匹配的关系。中国劳动适龄人口总量庞大 ,增长迅速 ,其性别比下降 ,中位年龄增大 ,受教育程度不高 ,且存在着悬殊的地区差异。如何化解劳动适龄人口的巨大压力 ,改善就业状况 ,将是中国在今后一段很长时期内的重大问题